Materials scientists analyze and test the properties of materials to develop new products and improve existing ones. The work is research-driven, problem-focused, and requires a bachelor's degree. Here is what the role involves, the skills you need, and how to enter the field.
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Materials scientists conduct experiments and analyze data to understand how materials behave under different conditions. You'll test metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites to solve engineering challenges and create stronger, lighter, or more durable products. The work involves reading technical information, processing complex data, making decisions based on evidence, and staying current with new discoveries. You monitor materials and processes closely, write detailed reports, and communicate findings to engineers and manufacturers who use your research to build everything from aircraft to medical devices.
Core work activities
Career video courtesy of CareerOneStop.
Materials Scientists earn a median of $117,790 a year, based on 2025 data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Pay rises with experience, specialty, and location.
The outlook is strong. Employment is projected to grow 5 percent from 2024 to 2034, faster than average for all occupations, with about 600 openings a year.
Top skills
Knowledge areas
You'll need a bachelor's degree in materials science, chemistry, physics, or a related engineering field. The path requires considerable preparation, including coursework in chemistry, physics, mathematics, and computer science. Many programs include lab work and hands-on projects that teach you to design experiments and analyze results. Some students pursue internships during their degree to gain experience in research or manufacturing settings. After completing your degree, you can enter roles in aerospace, automotive, electronics, or materials testing companies.
Most materials scientists start with a bachelor's degree, though some pursue advanced degrees for research or leadership roles. The choice depends on your career goals and timeline, so if you're deciding between paths, Pathly can map the materials scientist path that fits you and work through it with your counselor to build a plan that fits.
You do not need a license to work as a materials scientist, but professional certifications can strengthen your resume.
Common certifications
You're drawn to investigative work that involves solving problems through research and analysis. You enjoy understanding how things work at a deeper level and using data to make decisions.
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Last updated July 1, 2026.
Data sources. Career details from the O*NET 30.3 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), used under CC BY 4.0. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. Salary and outlook figures from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (May 2025 wages; 2024–2034 projections), delivered via the CareerOneStop API. Certification, licensing, wage, and outlook data from CareerOneStop, sponsored by USDOL/ETA and the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development (DEED).