Cytogenetic technologists analyze human cells and chromosomes to help diagnose genetic disorders and diseases. You'll work in labs, use specialized equipment, and contribute directly to patient care. A bachelor's degree is the typical entry point.
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Cytogenetic technologists prepare cell samples and examine chromosomes under microscopes to identify genetic abnormalities. You document findings, analyze data, and communicate results to supervisors and medical teams. The work requires you to stay current with lab techniques and technology, read and interpret complex information, and identify subtle patterns in cell structures. You'll spend time recording detailed observations, updating lab records, and collaborating with colleagues to ensure accuracy in every test.
Core work activities
Career video courtesy of CareerOneStop.
Cytogenetic Technologists earn a median of $62,930 a year, based on 2025 data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Pay rises with experience, specialty, and location.
The outlook is modest. Employment is projected to grow 2 percent from 2024 to 2034, little or no change for all occupations, with about 22,600 openings a year.
Top skills
Knowledge areas
You'll need a bachelor's degree to enter this field. Your coursework will cover biology, chemistry, mathematics, and computer skills alongside specialized training in cytogenetics and cell analysis. The preparation is considerable, involving both classroom learning and hands-on lab work. During your studies, you'll develop the critical thinking and science skills the role demands. Many programs include internships or clinical rotations that give you real lab experience before you graduate.
Most cytogenetic technologists complete a bachelor's degree in biology, life sciences, or a related field with cytogenetics coursework. If you're deciding between different educational paths or want to map out your next steps, Pathly can map the cytogenetic technologist path that fits you and work through it with your counselor to find the right fit for your timeline and goals.
Many cytogenetic technologists must be licensed, and professional certifications can strengthen your resume.
Common certifications
Licensing is handled at the state level and the requirements vary, so check the licensing board in your state. Pathly shows your state's specific steps inside your roadmap.
You're drawn to investigative work that involves careful analysis, problem-solving, and scientific thinking. You enjoy working with data and systems, and you want your work to have a clear, meaningful impact on health.
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Last updated July 1, 2026.
Data sources. Career details from the O*NET 30.3 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), used under CC BY 4.0. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. Salary and outlook figures from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (May 2025 wages; 2024–2034 projections), delivered via the CareerOneStop API. Certification, licensing, wage, and outlook data from CareerOneStop, sponsored by USDOL/ETA and the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development (DEED).